2. Autophagy
  3. Mitophagy

Mitophagy

Mitophagy is the selective degradation of mitochondria by autophagy.

Mitochondria are essential organelles that regulate cellular energy homeostasis and cell death. The removal of damaged mitochondria through autophagy, a process called mitophagy, is thus critical for maintaining proper cellular functions. Indeed, mitophagy has been recently proposed to play critical roles in terminal differentiation of red blood cells, paternal mitochondrial degradation, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemia or drug-induced tissue injury.

Autophagy and mitophagy are important cellular processes that are responsible for breaking down cellular contents, preserving energy and safeguarding against accumulation of damaged and aggregated biomolecules.

Mitophagy Related Products (74):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity
  • HY-19312
    3-Methyladenine Inhibitor 99.83%
    3-Methyladenine (3-MA) is a PI3K inhibitor. 3-Methyladenine is a widely used inhibitor of autophagy via its inhibitory effect on class III PI3K[1].
  • HY-10162
    Olaparib Activator 99.98%
    Olaparib (AZD2281; KU0059436) is a potent and orally active PARP inhibitor with IC50s of 5 and 1 nM for PARP1 and PARP2, respectively. Olaparib is an autophagy and mitophagy activator[1][2][3][4].
  • HY-15142
    Doxorubicin hydrochloride Activator 99.47%
    Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Hydroxydaunorubicin hydrochloride), a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic, is an anti-cancer chemotherapy agent. Doxorubicin hydrochloride inhibits topoisomerase II with an IC50 of 2.67 μM, thus stopping DNA replication. Doxorubicin hydrochloride reduces basal phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Doxorubicin hydrochloride induces apoptosis and autophagy[1][2]. Doxorubicin hydrochloride inhibits human DNA topoisomerase I with an IC50 of 0.8 μM[3]. Doxorubicin hydrochloride also increases exosome release[8].
  • HY-17471A
    Metformin hydrochloride Activator 99.98%
    Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers autophagy[1].
  • HY-10256
    SB 203580 Activator 99.92%
    SB 203580 (RWJ 64809) is a selective and ATP-competitive p38 MAPK inhibitor with IC50s of 50 nM and 500 nM for SAPK2a/p38 and SAPK2b/p38β2, respectively. SB 203580 inhibits LCK, GSK3β and PKBα with IC50s of 100-500-fold higher than that for SAPK2a/p38. SB 203580 does not disrupt JNK activity and is an autophagy and mitophagy activator[1].
  • HY-13735B
    Quinacrine hydrochloride hydrate Inhibitor
    Quinacrine hydrochloride hydrate (Mepacrine hydrochloride hydrate) is an antimalarial agent, which possess anticancer effect both in vitro and vivo. Quinacrine hydrochloride hydrate suppresses NF-κB and activate p53 signaling, which results in the induction of the apoptosis[1].
  • HY-110228
    Metformin D6 hydrochloride Activator
    Metformin D6 hydrochloride is a deuterium labeled Metformin hydrochloride. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers autophagy[1].
  • HY-10255
    Sunitinib Malate Activator 99.47%
    Sunitinib Malate (SU 11248 Malate) is a multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with IC50s of 80 nM and 2 nM for VEGFR2 and PDGFRβ, respectively[1]. Sunitinib Malate, an ATP-competitive inhibitor, effectively inhibits autophosphorylation of Ire1α by inhibiting autophosphorylation and consequent RNase activation[2].
  • HY-12031
    U0126-EtOH Inhibitor 98.13%
    U0126 (U0126-EtOH) is a potent, non-ATP competitive and selective MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor, with IC50s of 72 nM and 58 nM, respectively. U0126 is an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor[1][2][3][4].
  • HY-B0988
    Deferoxamine mesylate Activator >99.0%
    Deferoxamine mesylate is an iron chelator that binds free iron in a stable complex, preventing it from engaging in chemical reactions.
  • HY-14648
    Dexamethasone Activator 99.86%
    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection.
  • HY-50856
    Ruxolitinib Activator 99.99%
    Ruxolitinib (INCB18424) is a potent and selective JAK1/2 inhibitor with IC50s of 3.3 nM and 2.8 nM in cell-free assays, and has 130-fold selectivity for JAK1/2 over JAK3[1]. Ruxolitinib induces autophagy and kills tumor cells through toxic mitophagy[3].
  • HY-13629
    Etoposide Activator 99.94%
    Etoposide (VP-16; VP-16-213) is an anti-cancer chemotherapy agent. Etoposide inhibits topoisomerase II, thus stopping DNA replication. Etoposide induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy[1].
  • HY-13417
    AICAR Inhibitor 99.92%
    AICAR (Acadesine) is an adenosine analog and a AMPK activator. AICAR regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism, and inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS production. AICAR is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor[1][2].
  • HY-16592
    Brefeldin A Inhibitor 99.79%
    Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus[1][2]. Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor[3]. Brefeldin A is a CRISPR/Cas9 activator[5]. Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity[5].
  • HY-15886
    Mdivi-1 Inhibitor 99.73%
    Mdivi-1 is a selective dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) inhibitor. Mdivi-1 is a mitochondrial division/mitophagy inhibitor.
  • HY-10221
    Vorinostat Activator 99.90%
    Vorinostat (SAHA) is a potent and orally active pan-inhibitor of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 (Class I), HDAC7 (Class II) and HDAC11 (Class IV), with ID50 values of 10 nM and 20 nM for HDAC1 and HDAC3, respectively. Vorinostat induces cell apoptosis[1][4]. Vorinostat is also an effective inhibitor of human papillomaviruse (HPV)-18 DNA amplification[7].
  • HY-16561
    Resveratrol Activator 99.70%
    Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol; SRT501), a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol (SRT 501) has a wide spectrum of targets including mTOR, JAK, β-amyloid, Adenylyl cyclase, IKKβ, DNA polymerase. Resveratrol also is a specific SIRT1 activator[1][2][3][4]. Resveratrol is a potent pregnane X receptor (PXR) inhibitor[5].
  • HY-18085
    Quercetin Activator >98.0%
    Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively[1].
  • HY-B0075
    Melatonin Inhibitor 99.47%
    Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland that can activates melatonin receptor. Melatonin plays a role in sleep and possesses important antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties[1][2][3]. Melatonin is a novel selective ATF-6 inhibitor and induces human hepatoma cell apoptosis through COX-2 downregulation[4]. Melatonin attenuates palmitic acid-induced (HY-N0830) mouse granulosa cells apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress[5].